Contemporary society and the economy are confronted with the fundamental question of sustainability beyond the conflict between capitalism and socialism: how to maintain and develop human activities within the finite environmental capacity of the Earth. 　The economist Hirofumi Uzawa has proposed “Social Common Capital” as a more comprehensive social institution that is indispensable for the “stable maintenance of a wealthy economic life, excellent culture and a humanly attractive society”, by evolving the concept of social capital (Social Overhead Capital) in the face of various contemporary problems. 　As faith in economic growth exposes a variety of drawbacks, attempts to move away from growth and towards a steady-state economy are still shrouded in many illusions. There is an urgent need to redefine Social Common Capital in a more general way in response to the transition of diverse social, economic and environmental conditions, and to search for the foundations of the next generation’s life-support through both academic research and social implementation. 　I have been working on the scientific formulation and social implementation of Augmented Ecosystems, including Synecoculture, as a methodology for enhancing biodiversity and ecosystem functions through essential human activities. Through this research division, I aim to establish a novel concept of Natural-Social Common Capital, which is based on the combination of Augmented Ecosystems and Social Common Capital, and implement it in various parts of the world as a civilizational platform to transform the natural environment, society and economy into a sustainable form.